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Performance of the Partisan's Song in German language
Po dolinam i po vzgoriam (Russian: По долинам и по взгорьям, lit. 'Through valleys and over hills'; Serbo-Croatian: Po šumama i gorama, По шумама и горама, lit. 'Through forests and over hills'), also known as Partisan's Song, is a popular Red Army song from the Russian Civil War.
Vladimir Gilyarovsky wrote the poem "From the Taiga, the deep Taiga" in 1915 during World War I dedicated to the Siberian Riflemen, with text similar to the well-known version.[3] Gilyarovsky's poem was published that year in several corpuses of Great War's soldiers' songs,[4] and in the post-Soviet era it became known as the March of the Siberian Riflemen.[5]
After the end of the Russian Civil War, the song was popular within the Soviet Union. Later, during World War II, it resurged in popularity among anti-fascist partisan fighters, most prominently among Yugoslav and Soviet partisans.[citation needed]
The song entered the official canon of Soviet songs when the director of the Red Army choirAleksandr Aleksandrov, together with the poet Sergei Alymov [ru], introduced the song into the choir repertoire. The words of the song were attributed to Alymov. The author of the melody was named as Ilya Aturov, commander of a Red Army unit, from whom Aleksandrov heard the melody of the song. The Red Army choir rendition was distributed on phonograph records. In 1934, a letter from veterans of the Russian Civil War in the Far East was published in the Izvestia central newspaper, naming Pyotr Parfyonov [ru] as the original author. Later that year, Parfyonov recalled the story of the creation of the song in the Krasnoarmeyets–Krasnoflotets (lit.'Red Army man and Red Fleet man') magazine. In this article, Parfyonov wrote that he borrowed the melody from his earlier 1914 song Na Suchane (lit.'On the Suchan'), and penned the verses to Po dolinam i po vzgoriam after the Red takeover of Vladivostok in early 1920. However, he was arrested in 1935 and executed in 1937 as part of the Great Purge.[6] The song continued to be published attributed to Alymov and Aturov until the Supreme Court of the Russian SFSR confirmed Parfyonov's authorship in 1962.[7][3]
Decades after the end of the Russian Civil War, White émigré accounts were published that included the lyrics to a White variation of the song, the March of the Drozdovites, claimed to have been written by White colonel Pyotr Batorin in commemoration of the Jassy-Don March. These accounts claimed that the composer Dmitry Pokrass was ordered to write the tune of the march by Colonel Anton Turkul during the White occupation of Kharkov in 1919.[8]
Ni ustalosti, ni strakha,
Biutsia noch i biutsia den,
Tolko seraia papakha
Likho sbita nabekren.
Ekh, Sibir, Sibir rodnaia,
Za tebia my postoim.
Volnam Reina i Dunaia
Tvoi poklon peredadim!
From the taiga, the deep taiga
From the Amur, from the river
Like a silent, fearsome cloud
Siberians march to battle.
They have been sternly raised
By the silent taiga,
By the fearsome storms of Baikal,
And Siberian snows.
With neither fatigue nor fear
Fighting day and night long,
Only their gray papakhas
Are dashingly worn askew.
Oh, Siberia, dear Siberia,
We'll stand up for you.
To the waves of the Rhine and the Danube
We'll give you our regards!
French lyrics
March of the Siberian Riflemen
French
English
Dans le froid et la famine,
Par les villes et par les champs,
A l'appel de Dénikine,
Marchaient les Partisans Blancs.
Sabrant les troupes bolcheviques,
En ralliant les Atamans.
Dans leurs campagnes épiques,
Ils traquaient Trotsky tremblant.
C'est pour la Sainte Russie,
Pour la vieille tradition,
Pour la gloire et la patrie,
Que luttaient ces bataillons.
Votre gloire est immortelle,
Volontaires et Officiers Blancs,
Et votre agonie cruelle,
La honte de l'occident.
In the cold and the famine,
By the cities and by the fields,
At the call of Denikin,
Marched the White Partisans,
Slashing Bolshevik troupes,
by rallying the Atamans.
In their epic campaigns,
they were hunting down trembling Trotsky.
It is for a Holy Russia,
For the old traditions,
For the glory and the motherland,
That these battalions were fighting.
Your glory is immortal,
White Volunteers and Officers,
And our cruel agony,
The shame of the west.
La Makhnovtchina
French
English translation
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Tes drapeaux sont noirs dans le vent
ils sont noirs de notre peine
ils sont rouges de notre sang.
Par les monts et par les plaines
dans la neige et dans le vent
à travers toute l'Ukraine
se levaient nos partisans.
Au Printemps les traités de Lénine
Ont livré l'Ukraine aux Allemands
A l'automne la Makhnovtchina
Les avait jeté au vent.
L'armée blanche de Denikine
est entrée en Ukraine en chantant
mais bientôt la Makhnovtchina
l'a dispersée dans le vent.
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Armée noire de nos partisans
Qui combattait en Ukraine
contre les rouges et les blancs.
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Armée noire de nos partisans
qui voulait chasser d'Ukraine
à jamais tous les tyrans.
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Your flags are black in the wind
they are black with our pain
they are red with our blood.
Through the mountains and through the plains
in the snow and in the wind
all over Ukraine
our supporters rose.
In the Spring Lenin's Treatises
Delivered Ukraine to the Germans
In the fall the Makhnovtchina
Tossed them to the wind.
Denikin's White Army
entered Ukraine singing
but soon the Makhnovtchina
scattered it in the wind.
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Black army of our partisans
Who was fighting in Ukraine
against the Reds and Whites.
Makhnovtchina, Makhnovtchina
Black army of our partisans
who wanted to drive out of Ukraine
forever all tyrants.
Serbo-Croatian lyrics
Po šumama i gorama
Memorial plaque to Zora and her brother Mirko Kovačević, the author of this version of the song, who later died as one of the most experienced 1st Split Partisan Detachment members; Obilićevo, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina (their hometown)
Hem omdim el mul gesher haNahar
she elav ei pa'am tza'ad
gdud shel elef partizanim
ve echad yakar la'ad
gdud shel elef partizanim
ve echad yakar la'ad
She stood in front of the river bridge,
Which he stepped on yesterday
A battalion of a thousand partisans
And one most precious of all.
A battalion of a thousand partisans
And one most precious of all.
His face froze in the river wind
But his heart is still burning,
A thousand girls he knew
And one more beautiful.
A thousand girls he knew
And one more beautiful.
The field across the river
Barren as if guilty,
A thousand tombstones stand there
And one of them without a name
A thousand tombstones stand there
And one of them without a name
Spring melting of ice in the river
And a variety of fascinating colours,
A thousand children sing it
And one little boy is silent.
A thousand children sing it
And one little boy is silent.
They stand in front of the river bridge
On which a battalion of a thousand partisans
A battalion of a thousand partisans
And one precious forever.
A battalion of a thousand partisans
And one precious forever.
^Strophes marked in italics were also sung during World War II, but usually do not appear in orchestral versions recorded later. The latter italic strophe (sixth from the top) was typically replaced by the fourth strophe instead.
^Alternatively in Serbo-Croatian: Neka znade / Нека знаде, lit. 'Let [them] know'
^Alternatively in Serbo-Croatian: da će kod nas slomit' vrat / да ће код нас сломит' врат, lit. 'That they will have their necks broken here'
^Vyzgo-Ivanova, I. M. (1987). Межнациональные связи в советской музыкальной культуре: сборник статей [International relations in Soviet musical culture: a collection of articles] (in Russian). Leningrad: Russian Conservatory. p. 49.
^ abMuravlyov, Anatoly (December 2007). "Судьба автора популярной песни" [The fate of the author of a popular song]. Sibirskiye Ogni (in Russian) (12).