Ogcocephalus notatus

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Ogcocephalus notatus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Lophiiformes
Family: Ogcocephalidae
Genus: Ogcocephalus
Species:
O. notatus
Binomial name
Ogcocephalus notatus
Synonyms[2]
  • Malthaea notata Valenciennes, 1837
  • Malthe angusta Cuvier, 1829
  • Malthe notata Cuvier, 1829
  • Malthaea truncata Valenciennes, 1837
  • Ogcocephalus nasutus cayennensis Puyo, 1936

Ogcocephalus notatus, the marked batfish, is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ogcocephalidae, the deep sea batfishes. It is found in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean.

Taxonomy

Ogcocephalus notatus was first formally described as Malthea notata in 1837 by the French zoologist Achille Valenciennes with its type locality given as Suriname.[3] The genus Ogcocephalus is classified within the "Eastern Pacific/Western Atlantic clade" of the family Ogcocephalidae.[4] The family Ogcocephalidae is classified in the monotypic suborder Ogcocephaloidei within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World.[5]

Etymology

Ogcocephalus notatus is a member of the genus Ogcocephalus, the name of which is a combination of ogkos, which means “hook”, and cephalus, meaning “head”, an allusion to the pointed rostrum on the snout snout of the type species. The specific name notatus, means "marked", Valenciennes described this species as having 3 or 4 small, round, black spots, located on either side of the opercular spine.[6]

Description

Ogcocephalus notatus has a flattened head, although this is higher than the rest of the triangular disk, with a pointed snout. The rostrum is shelf-like and rather blunt. The esca, or lure, has 3 fleshy points which is retracted into the illicial cavity under the rostrum. There is a blunt, poorly developed, simple spine on the lower, posterior angle of the operculum. The gill rakers are oval shaped plates which are covered in small teeth and the gill openings are small, opening behind the upper base of the pectoral fin, this fin and the pelvic fin's are limb-like with the pectoral fins not widely attached to the body. The dorsal and anal fins are small, the dorsal fin is covered in skin and is on the tail while the anal fin is fleshy and under the tail. The upper surface of the body is covered in large buckler-like scales and with conical spines, the lower surface of the body has a complete covering of pointed, bony scales and the underside of the tail has a dense covering of small spines, apart from a few conical spines on its midline. The upper body is grayish-brown with pale tips to the buckler-like scales. There are between 1 and 7 pale margined dark spots along the edge of the disc and there are sometimes dark spots on the upper body and the sides of the tail.[7] This species has an oval-shaped pupil rather than the kidney-shaped or dumbell shaped pupils of other Ogcocephalus batfishes. The marked batfish has a maximum published total length of 13.4 cm (5.3 in).[8]

Distribution and habitat

Ogcocephalus notatus is found in the central western Atlantic Ocean along the northern coast of South America from Co,ombia east to Aracaju in Brazil. It is also found around Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba and Trinidad and Tobago. This demersal fish is found at depths between 15 and 172 m (49 and 564 ft) on soft bottoms, also in estuaries.[1]

Biology

Ogcocephalus notatus is likely to have a similar biology to its congeners, feeding on a variety of benthic invertebrates and some fishes. Seep-sea batfishes have pelagiceggs and larvae, the larvae ememorphosing into juveniles when they settle on the substrate.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Carpenter, K.E. (2015). "Ogcocephalus notatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T20664578A20683353. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T20664578A20683353.en. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  2. ^ a b Bailly, Nicolas (2015). "Ogcocephalus notatus (Valenciennes, 1837)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  3. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Ogcocephalus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  4. ^ Valerie Derouen; William B. Ludt; Hsuan-Ching Ho; Prosanta Chakrabarty (2015). "Examining evolutionary relationships and shifts in depth preferences in batfishes (Lophiiformes: Ogcocephalidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 84: 27–33. Bibcode:2015MolPE..84...27D. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.12.011. PMID 25554525.
  5. ^ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 508–518. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN 2015037522. OCLC 951899884. OL 25909650M.
  6. ^ Christopher Scharpf (3 June 2024). "Order LOPHIIFORMES (part 1): Families LOPHIIDAE, ANTENNARIIDAE, TETRABRACHIIDAE, LOPHICHTHYIDAE, BRACHIONICHTHYIDAE, CHAUNACIDAE and OGCOCEPHALIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Species: Ogcocephalus notatus, Marked Batfish". Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  8. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2024). "Ogcocephalus notatuss" in FishBase. February 2024 version.
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