File:Chalk badlands (Niobrara Formation, Upper Cretaceous; chalk bluffs south of Castle Rock, Gove County, Kansas, USA) 7 (38417957134).jpg
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Summary
DescriptionChalk badlands (Niobrara Formation, Upper Cretaceous; chalk bluffs south of Castle Rock, Gove County, Kansas, USA) 7 (38417957134).jpg |
Chalk in the Cretaceous of Kansas, USA. These are chalk outcrops near Castle Rock, a famous cluster of chalk pillars south of Quinter, Kansas. Chalk is a biogenic, calcitic, marine sedimentary rock composed of numerous coccolith microfossils (see: <a href="http://www.soes.soton.ac.uk/staff/tt/eh/pics/lith2.gif" rel="nofollow">www.soes.soton.ac.uk/staff/tt/eh/pics/lith2.gif</a>). Coccoliths are individual calcareous plates that covered a single-celled, photosynthesizing marine organism called a coccolithophorid (a.k.a. coccolithophore; "coccolithophorid" is not an adjective, contra Wikipedia) (see: <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Emiliania_huxleyi_coccolithophore_(PLoS).png" rel="nofollow">upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Emiliania_hux...</a>). Most chalks are Cretaceous in age ("creta" means "chalk"). The most famous example is the White Cliffs of Dover, along the southern shore of Britain. Weathered chalks in western Kansas range in color from white to pale yellowish to pale grayish. The rhythmic layering seen here is likely the result of Milankovitch cyclicity (see: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles" rel="nofollow">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles</a> and <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Historical_Geology/Milankovitch_cycles" rel="nofollow">en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Historical_Geology/Milankovitch_cycles</a>). Stratigraphy: Smoky Hill Chalk Member (a.k.a. Smoky Hills Member), Niobrara Formation, Upper Cretaceous Locality: bluffs adjacent to Castle Rock, north of Gove County Road K & east of Castle Rock Road, 23 kilometers south-southeast of the town of Quinter, eastern Gove County, western Kansas, USA |
Date | |
Source | Chalk badlands (Niobrara Formation, Upper Cretaceous; chalk bluffs south of Castle Rock, Gove County, Kansas, USA) 7 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/38417957134 (archive). It was reviewed on 12 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
12 October 2019
Items portrayed in this file
depicts
some value
13 June 2013
0.0025 second
10
60 millimetre
200
image/jpeg
43669ce7a433896a072a75b59f3216b6c448c392
4,793,046 byte
2,451 pixel
4,278 pixel
File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 06:34, 12 October 2019 | 4,278 × 2,451 (4.57 MB) | commons>Ser Amantio di Nicolao | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
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Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 02:29, 18 December 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 18:08, 13 June 2013 |
Meaning of each component |
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Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
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White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 90 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
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Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.2.0.0 |
Serial number of camera | 3562538 |
Lens used | 18.0-270.0 mm f/3.5-6.3 |
Date metadata was last modified | 21:29, 17 December 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | FF794FDFC81A128D1630598332521A8E |
IIM version | 1 |